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Stanley C. Jordan1,6,*, Bong-Ha Shin1,6, Terry-Ann M. Gadsden1, Maggie Chu1, Anna Petrosyan1, Catherine N. Le2, Rachel Zabner2, Jillian Oft2, Isabel Pedraza2, Susan Cheng3, Ashley Vo1, Noriko Ammerman1, Jasmine Plummer4, Shili Ge1, Max Froch1, Anders Berg5,
Mieko Toyoda1 and Ruan Zhang1
1Comprehensive Transplant Center, Transplant Immunology Laboratory, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 2Division of Infectious Diseases, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 3Department of Cardiology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 4Department of Bioinformatics & Functional Genomics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 5Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 6These authors contributed equally: Stanley C. Jordan, Bong-Ha Shin.
*Correspondence to Stanley C. Jordan.
Abstract
Our understanding of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern (VOCs) has been primarily acquired through analysis of Spike-specific IgG responses. However, a more comprehensive understanding of the breadth and longevity of immune responses after infection and vaccination requires analysis of cellular immunity. Herein, we report on T cell immunity in infected and vaccinated individuals, identifying CD4+/CD8+ T cell cytokine responses to SARS-CoV-2 and variant peptides (Alpha, B.1.1.7 and Delta, B.1.617.2). Our results demonstrate that T cells in infected or vaccinated individuals can elicit robust and cross-reactive immune responses against VOCs. This information could be helpful in understanding the composition and durability of human immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and VOCs.
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