한빛사 논문
Eirini Skourtanioti1, Yilmaz S. Erdal2, Marcella Frangipane3, Francesca Balossi Restelli3, K. Aslıhan Yener4, Frances Pinnock3, Paolo Matthiae3, Rana Özbal5, Ulf-Dietrich Schoop6, Farhad Guliyev7, Tufan Akhundov7, Bertille Lyonnet8, Emily L. Hammer9, Selin E. Nugent10, Marta Burri1, Gunnar U. Neumann1, Sandra Penske1, Tara Ingman5, Murat Akar11, Rula Shafiq12, Giulio Palumbi13, Stefanie Eisenmann1, Marta D’Andrea3, Adam B. Rohrlach1,14, Christina Warinner1,15,*, Choongwon Jeong1,16,*, Philipp W. Stockhammer1,17,*, Wolfgang Haak1,*, Johannes Krause1,18,*
1Department of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena 07745, Germany
2Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
3Department of Classics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00185, Italy
4Institute for the Study of the Ancient World (ISAW), New York University, New York, NY 10028, USA
5Department of Archaeology and History of Art, Koç University, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
6School of History, Classics and Archaeology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
7Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Baku AZ1073, Azerbaijan
8PROCLAC/UMR Laboratory, French National Centre for Scientific Research, UMR 7192, Paris 75005, France
9Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
10School of Anthropology and Museum Ethnography, University of Oxford, Oxford OX2 6PE, UK
11Department of Archaeology, Mustafa Kemal University, Alahan-Antakya, Hatay 31060, Turkey
12History Department, Ibn Haldun University, Istanbul 34494, Turkey
13Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, CEPAM (Cultures et Environnements. Préhistoire, Antiquité, Moyen Âge), CNRS-UMR 7264, Nice 06357, France
14ARC Centre of Excellence for the Mathematical and Statistical Frontiers, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
15Department of Anthropology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
16School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
17Institute for Pre- and Protohistoric Archaeology and Archaeology of the Roman Provinces, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich 80539, Germany
18Lead Contact
*Corresponding author
Abstract
Here, we report genome-wide data analyses from 110 ancient Near Eastern individuals spanning the Late Neolithic to Late Bronze Age, a period characterized by intense interregional interactions for the Near East. We find that 6th millennium BCE populations of North/Central Anatolia and the Southern Caucasus shared mixed ancestry on a genetic cline that formed during the Neolithic between Western Anatolia and regions in today’s Southern Caucasus/Zagros. During the Late Chalcolithic and/or the Early Bronze Age, more than half of the Northern Levantine gene pool was replaced, while in the rest of Anatolia and the Southern Caucasus, we document genetic continuity with only transient gene flow. Additionally, we reveal a genetically distinct individual within the Late Bronze Age Northern Levant. Overall, our study uncovers multiple scales of population dynamics through time, from extensive admixture during the Neolithic period to long-distance mobility within the globalized societies of the Late Bronze Age.
Keywords : human population history; ancient DNA; Near East; Eastern Mediterranean; genome-wide data; admixture; genetic continuity; archaeogenetics; Ubaid; Uruk; Kura-Araxes
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