한빛사 논문
Eun Young Lee,1 Sena Lee,1 Semi Rho,1 Jae-Ouk Kim,1 Seuk Keun Choi,2 Young Jin Lee,2 Joo Young Park,2 Manki Song,1,* and Jae Seung Yang1,*
1 Clinical Research Laboratory, Sciences Unit, International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, Korea.
2 EuBiologics Co. Ltd., Chuncheon, Korea.
*Corresponding author : Jae Seung Yang, PhD. International Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
*Corresponding author : Manki Song, PhD. International Vaccine Institute, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Abstract
Purpose
An oral cholera vaccine (OCV), Euvichol, with thimerosal (TM) as preservative, was prequalified by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2015. In recent years, public health services and regulatory bodies recommended to eliminate TM in vaccines due to theoretical safety concerns. In this study, we examined whether TM-free Euvichol induces comparable immunogenicity to its TM-containing formulation in animal model.
Materials and Methods
To evaluate and compare the immunogenicity of the two variations of OCV, mice were immunized with TM-free or TM-containing Euvichol twice at 2-week interval by intranasal or oral route. One week after the last immunization, mice were challenged with Vibrio cholerae O1 and daily monitored to examine the protective immunity against cholera infection. In addition, serum samples were obtained from mice to measure vibriocidal activity and vaccine-specific IgG, IgM, and IgA antibodies using vibriocidal assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively.
Results
No significant difference in immunogenicity, including vibriocidal activity and vaccine-specific IgG, IgM, and IgA in serum, was observed between mice groups administered with TM-free and -containing Euvichol, regardless of immunization route. However, intranasally immunized mice elicited higher levels of serum antibodies than those immunized via oral route. Moreover, intranasal immunization completely protected mice against V. cholerae challenge but not oral immunization. There was no significant difference in protection between two Euvichol variations.
Conclusion
These results suggested that TM-free Euvichol could provide comparable immunogenicity to the WHO prequalified Euvichol containing TM as it was later confirmed in a clinical study. The pulmonary mouse cholera model can be considered useful to examine in vivo the potency of OCVs.
Keywords: Thimerosal; Cholera vaccines; Vaccine immunogenicity; Animal models
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