Subba Rao Nallagatla,
1*
Jungwook Hwang,
2*
Rebecca Toroney,
1 Xiaofeng
Zheng,
1,3 Craig E.
Cameron,
2,4
Philip C.
Bevilacqua
1
Molecular patterns in pathogenic RNAs can be recognized by the
innate immune system, and a component of this response is the
interferon-induced enzyme RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR).
The major activators of PKR have been proposed to be long
double-stranded RNAs. We report that RNAs with very limited secondary
structures activate PKR in a 5''-triphosphate-dependent fashion
in vitro and in vivo. Activation of PKR by 5''-triphosphate RNA
is independent of RIG-I and is enhanced by treatment with type
1 interferon (IFN-
).
Surveillance of molecular features at the 5'' end of transcripts by
PKR presents a means of allowing pathogenic RNA to be distinguished
from self-RNA. The evidence presented here suggests that this form of
RNA-based discrimination may be a critical step in mounting an early
immune response.
1 Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State
University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
2 Integrative
Biosciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802,
USA.
3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life
Sciences College, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
4
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802, USA.
* These authors contributed equally
to this work.
To whom
correspondence should be addressed.
남진우 (한양대학교)
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