한빛사 논문
Dohyeong Kwon†⊥, Bong Geun Cha‡⊥, Yuri Cho†⊥, Jiyoun Min†, Eun-Byeol Park†, Suk-Jo Kang*†, and Jaeyun Kim*‡§
† Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
‡ School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
§ Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Science & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
*Corresponding Authors
Author Contributions
⊥D.K., B.G.C., and Y.C. contributed equally.
Abstract
Over the past decade, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) smaller than 200 nm with a high colloidal stability have been extensively studied for systemic drug delivery. Although small molecule delivery via MSNs has been successful, the encapsulation of large therapeutic biomolecules, such as proteins or DNA, is limited due to small pore size of the conventional MSNs obtained by soft-templating. Here, we report the synthesis of mesoporous silica nanoparticles with extra-large pores (XL-MSNs) and their application to in vivo cytokine delivery for macrophage polarization. Uniform, size-controllable XL-MSNs with 30 nm extra-large pores were synthesized using organic additives and inorganic seed nanoparticles. XL-MSNs showed significantly higher loadings for the model proteins with different molecular weights compared to conventional small pore MSNs. XL-MSNs were used to deliver IL-4, which is an M2-polarizing cytokine and very quickly degraded in vivo, to macrophages and polarize them to anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages in vivo. XL-MSNs induced a low level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and no pro-inflammatory cytokines in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and in mice injected intravenously with XL-MSNs. We found that the injected XL-MSNs were targeted to phagocytic myeloid cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells. Finally, we demonstrated that the injection of IL-4-loaded XL-MSNs successfully triggered M2 macrophage polarization in vivo, suggesting the clinical potential of XL-MSNs for modulating immune systems via targeted delivery of various cytokines.
Keywords: cytokine; IL-4; large pore; M2 macrophage polarization; Mesoporous silica nanoparticle
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