한빛사 논문
Abstract
Hong Nam Kim*†¶, Kyung-Jin Jang‡¶, Jung-Youn Shin§∞, Daeshik Kang∥, Sang Moon Kim⊥, Ilkyoo Koh#, Yoonmi Hong#, Segeun Jang∇, Min Sung Kim∇, Byung-Soo Kim§, Hoon Eui Jeong○, Noo Li Jeon∇, Pilnam Kim*#, and Kahp-Yang Suh∇◆
† Center for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea
‡ Emulate Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02210, United States
§ School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
∥ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ajou University, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
⊥ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 406-772, Republic of Korea
# Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
∇ School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea
○ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
*Corresponding Authors
Author Contributions
¶These authors contributed equally to this study.
◆Deceased
Present Address
∞Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
Abstract
We present a method to induce cell directional behavior using slanted nanocilia arrays. NIH-3T3 fibroblasts demonstrated bidirectional polarization in a rectangular arrangement on vertical nanocilia arrays and exhibited a transition from a bidirectional to a unidirectional polarization pattern when the angle of the nanocilia was decreased from 90° to 30°. The slanted nanocilia guided and facilitated spreading by allowing the cells to contact the sidewalls of the nanocilia, and the directional migration of the cells opposed the direction of the slant due to the anisotropic bending stiffness of the slanted nanocilia. Although the cells recognized the underlying anisotropic geometry when the nanocilia were coated with fibronectin, collagen type I, and Matrigel, the cells lost their directionality when the nanocilia were coated with poly-d-lysine and poly-l-lysine. Furthermore, although the cells recognized geometrical anisotropy on fibronectin coatings, pharmacological perturbation of PI3K-Rac signaling hindered the directional elongation of the cells on both the slanted and vertical nanocilia. Furthermore, myosin light chain II was required for the cells to obtain polarized morphologies. These results indicated that the slanted nanocilia array provided anisotropic contact guidance cues to the interacting cells. The polarization of cells was controlled through two steps: the recognition of underlying geometrical anisotropy and the subsequent directional spreading according to the guidance cues.
Keywords: anisotropy; nanocilia; polarization; slanted angle; unidirectional
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