Hyo-Kyoung Choi1,*, Youngsok Choi2,*, Eun Sung Park3,*, Soo-Yeon Park1, Seung-Hyun Lee1, Jaesung Seo1, Mi-Hyeon Jeong1, Jae-Wook Jeong4, Jae-Ho Cheong5, Peter C.W. Lee6, Kyung-Chul Choi6 & Ho-Geun Yoon1
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea. 2 Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 436-400, Korea. 3 Medical Convergence Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea. 4 Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, Lansing, Michigan 49503, USA. 5 Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea. 6 Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.
Correspondence to : Kyung-Chul Choi or Ho-Geun Yoon
Abstract
The inhibition of p53 activity by histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3) has been reported, but the precise molecular mechanism is unknown. Here we show that programmed cell death 5 (PDCD5) selectively mediates HDAC3 dissociation from p53, which induces HDAC3 cleavage and ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Casein kinase 2 alpha phosphorylates PDCD5 at Ser-119 to enhance its stability and importin 13-mediated nuclear translocation of PDCD5. Genetic deletion of PDCD5 abrogates etoposide (ET)-induced p53 stabilization and HDAC3 cleavage, indicating an essential role of PDCD5 in p53 activation. Restoration of PDCD5WT in PDCD5-/- MEFs restores ET-induced HDAC3 cleavage. Reduction of both PDCD5 and p53, but not reduction of either protein alone, significantly enhances in vivo tumorigenicity of AGS gastric cancer cells and correlates with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Our results define a mechanism for p53 activation via PDCD5-dependent HDAC3 decay under genotoxic stress conditions.