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Trac-Trends Anal. Chem., Available online 1 December 2025, 118588 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2025.118588
Advances in single extracellular vesicle characterization and multiplexed profiling
Juhwan Park a, Hansol Kim b, Yoon Ho Roh c,d, Jina Ko b,e
aDepartment of Integrative Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
bDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
cDepartment of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
dInnovation Center for Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
eDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
Corresponding authors: Yoon Ho Roh, Jina Ko
aDepartment of Integrative Biotechnology, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
bDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
cDepartment of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
dInnovation Center for Chemical Engineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
eDepartment of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
Corresponding authors: Yoon Ho Roh, Jina Ko
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale lipid bilayer particles that carry diverse molecular cargos and play essential roles in intercellular communication. However, their inherent heterogeneity and diversity present major challenges for bulk assays and conventional single EV profiling, as these approaches fail to identify rare subpopulations and the full molecular diversity, respectively. Advances in single EV characterization and multiplexed EV profiling technologies have begun to address these limitations, enabling precise, high-resolution analysis of individual vesicles. This review highlights recent developments in single EV characterization methods, including optical and mechanical approaches, and discusses multiplexed profiling platforms categorized into substrate-based, droplet-based, and solution-based strategies. These platforms integrate single EV partitioning with fluorescence and molecular coding schemes to achieve high-throughput and multidimensional biomarker analysis. We also outline four future perspectives for advancing multiplexed single EV profiling and facilitating its clinical application: 1) Integration of multi-omics in single EV profiling, 2) Multi-functional single EV profiling, 3) Rare and clinically relevant EV subpopulation analysis, 4) AI-driven data interpretation in multiplexed single EV analysis.
논문정보
- Research article
- 2025년 12월 (BRIC 등록일 2025-12-03)
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