GBD 2021 US CNS Cancer Collaborators; Hyun Jin Han ¹, Yun Seo Kim ², Seoyeon Park ³, Jae Il Shin ⁴, Min Seo Kim ^5,6, Ju Hyung Moon ⁷, Yong Bae Kim ¹, Hazim S Ababneh ⁸, Ahmed Abu-Zaid ^9,10, Demelash Areda ^11,12, Santhosh Arul ¹³, Ahmed Y Azzam ^14,15, Mainak Bardhan ¹⁶, Mohammad Amin Bayat Tork ¹⁷, Babak Behnam ^18,19, Gokce Belge Bilgin ²⁰, Prarthna V Bhardwaj ²¹, Soumitra S Bhuyan ²², Nima Broomand Lomer ²³, Meng Xuan Chen ²⁴, Suma Sri Chennapragada ²⁵, Xiaochen Dai ^26,27, Frances E Dean ^26,28, Sindhura Deekonda ²⁹, Xueting Ding ³⁰, Ojas Prakashbhai Doshi ³¹, Abdel Rahman E'mar ³², Muhammed Elhadi ^33,34, Jawad Fares ³⁵, Patrick Fazeli ³⁶, James L Fisher ³⁷, Maryam Fotouhi ^38,39, Ali Gholamrezanezhad ³⁸, Fidelia Ida ⁴⁰, Chidozie Declan Iwu ⁴¹, Mohamed Jalloh ^42,43, Chinmay T Jani ⁴⁴, Rizwan Kalani ⁴⁵, Samuel Berchi Kankam ⁴⁶, Foad Kazemi ⁴⁷, Ariz Keshwani ⁴⁸, Atulya Aman Khosla ^49,50, Stephen S Lim ^26,27, Riffat Mehboob ^51,52, Tomislav Mestrovic ^26,53, Ali H Mokdad ^26,27, Christopher J L Murray ^26,27, Gurudatta Naik ⁵⁴, Zuhair S Natto ^55,56, Dang Nguyen ^46,57, Fred Nugen ^20,58, Atakan Orscelik ⁵⁹, Romil R Parikh ⁶⁰, Louise Penberthy ²⁶, Richard G Pestell ^61,62, Disha Prabhu 63, Jagadeesh Puvvula 64, Shakthi Kumaran Ramasamy 65, Cameron John Sabet 66, Austin E Schumacher ²⁶, Yigit Can Senol ⁵⁹, Sunder Sham ⁶⁷, Samendra P Sherchan ^68,69, Gizeaddis Lamesgin Simegn ⁷⁰, Jasvinder A Singh ^71,72, Ranjan Solanki ^73,74, Bahadar S Srichawla ⁷⁵, Jabeen Taiba ^{76, 77}, Manoj Tanwar ⁷⁸, Mike Tuffour Amirikah ⁴⁶, Anjul Verma ⁷⁹, Ismaeel Yunusa ⁸⁰, David X Zheng ⁸¹, Dong Keon Yon ⁸², Keun Young Park <sup>1

1</sup>Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
²Department of Medicine, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
³Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
⁴Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
⁵Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
⁶Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
⁷Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
⁸Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
⁹Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
¹⁰College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee, Memphis.
¹¹College of Art and Science, Ottawa University, Surprise, Arizona.
¹²School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe.
¹³Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, San Francisco.
¹⁴ASIDE Healthcare, Lewes, Delaware.
¹⁵Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, 6th of October City, Egypt.
¹⁶Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida.
¹⁷Biological Science Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
¹⁸Avicenna Biotech Research, Germantown, Maryland.
¹⁹Department of Regulatory Affairs, Amarex Clinical Research, Germantown, Maryland.
²⁰Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
²¹Division of Hematology Oncology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Springfield.
²²Department of Health Administration, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey.
²³Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
²⁴School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
²⁵Department of Hematology-Oncology, LSU Health Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana.
²⁶Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle.
²⁷Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
²⁸Department of Mathematics, University of California, Berkeley.
²⁹Department of Pediatrics, Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.
³⁰Joe C. Wen School of Population & Public Health, University of California, Irvine.
³¹Independent Consultant, South Plainfield, New Jersey.
³²Department of Pediatrics, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
³³Faculty of Medicine, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya.
³⁴Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas.
³⁵Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
³⁶Department of Biology and Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island.
³⁷James Cancer Hospital at The Ohio State University, Ohio State University, Columbus.
³⁸Department of Radiology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles.
³⁹Department of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴⁰Pharmacoepidemiology Department, Sanofi, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
⁴¹School of Health Systems and Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle.
⁴²Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee.
⁴³Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴⁴Department of Internal Medicine, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
⁴⁵Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle.
⁴⁶Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.
⁴⁷Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
⁴⁸Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.
⁴⁹Department of Internal Medicine, Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan.
⁵⁰Department of Medical Oncology, Miami Cancer Institute, Miami, Florida.
⁵¹National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland.
⁵²Research and Development Department, Lahore Medical Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan.
⁵³University Centre Varazdin, University North, Varazdin, Croatia.
⁵⁴Department of Health Services Research, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
⁵⁵Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁵⁶Department of Health Policy and Oral Epidemiology, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.
⁵⁷Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa.
⁵⁸School of Information, University of California, Berkeley.
⁵⁹Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco.
⁶⁰Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.
⁶¹Pennsylvania Cancer and Regenerative Medicine Center, Baruch S. Blumberg Institute, Doylestown.
⁶²Department of Medicine, Xavier University School of Medicine, Woodbury, New York.
⁶³Independent Consultant, San Diego, California.
⁶⁴Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
⁶⁵Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California.
⁶⁶Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Washington, DC.
⁶⁷Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Northwell Health, New York, New York.
⁶⁸Department of Biology, Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland.
⁶⁹Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.
⁷⁰Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.
⁷¹School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
⁷²Department of Medicine Service, US Department of Veterans Affairs, Houston, Texas.
⁷³Department of Systemic Pathology, Touro College of Osteopathic Medicine, Middletown, New York.
⁷⁴Department of Pathology, American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Saint Martin.
⁷⁵Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester.
⁷⁶Department of Environmental, Agricultural and Occupational Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha.
⁷⁷Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Chennai, India.
⁷⁸Department of Radiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.
⁷⁹Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University, Odessa.
⁸⁰Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Outcomes Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia.
⁸¹Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston.
⁸²Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.

Drs Han, Yun Seo Kim, S. Park, and Shin contributed equally as co–first authors.
Drs Yon and K. Y. Park contributed equally as co–senior authors.
Corresponding Authors: Dong Keon Yon, MD, PhD ; Keun Young Park, MD, PhD