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Plant Commun., June 16, 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2025.101418 Natural Peptidoglycan Nanoparticles Enable Rapid Antigen Purification and Potent Delivery for Plant-derived Vaccines

Shi-Jian Song ^1,4,†,*, Hai-Ping Diao ^1,†, Sen-Sen Zhang^3,†, Sumin Kang ², Chang Liu⁴, Seonghan Kim ⁵, Jieun Yun ⁵, Hui-Xin Meng ¹, Hongju Moon ⁶, Woe-Yeon Kim ⁶, Ki Hean Kim ⁵, Mao-Jun Yang ³, Kwang Soon Kim ², Yong-Feng Guo ¹, and Inhwan Hwang ^2,*

¹Qingdao Municipal Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Pharming, Tobacco Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, China
²Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
³Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
⁴Beijing Life Science Academy (BLSA), Beijing, China
⁵Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
⁶Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 four), Research Institute of Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea

^†These authors contributed equally

*Corresponding authors: correspondence to Shi-Jian Song or Inhwan Hwang

Abstract

Plant molecular farming offers a promising platform for biopharmaceutical production, yet downstream processing remains a key challenge due to cost and complexity. Here, we present natural peptidoglycan nanoparticles (NPN) from Gram-positive lactic acid bacteria as a novel tool for plant-based vaccine purification and delivery. Sequential TCA and trypsin treatments reduced NPN size, removing residual host subcellular constructs and proteins while preserving protein-binding capacity. Optimizing trimeric protein anchors (PAs) and trimerization elements for plant-based expression allowed protein binding at low temperatures, minimizing proteolytic degradation. NPN conjugated with plant-derived hemagglutinin (HA) elicited strong humoral immune responses. Additionally, NPN boosted the retention of GFP in muscular tissue, facilitating efficient polyclonal antibody generation. This work establishes NPN as a versatile platform for plant-based recombinant vaccine purification and delivery.

논문정보

형식Research article
게재일2025년 06월 (BRIC 등록일 2025-06-18)
연구진국내(교신)+국외 연구진
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