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Adv. Funct. Mater., 09 May 2025 | https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202416694 Joule-Assisted Nanotherapeutic Urethral Stent (JANUS) for Spatiotemporal Theragenerative Treatment of Urethral Strictures

Yuhyun Na^{1,2^#}, Yubeen Park^{3,4^#}, Hyun Lee^{5^#}, Song Hee Kim^4,6, Seojoon Bang³, Hyeong Seok Kang³, Chan Ho Moon³, Ju Yeong Gwon⁷, Jong Hwa Seo³, Min-Ho Kang^1,2, Soo-Hong Lee⁸, Gi Doo Cha⁹, Wooram Park¹⁰, Heemin Kang^11,12, Jung-Hoon Park^13,14, Hyun-Do Jung³

¹Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662 Republic of Korea
²Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662 Republic of Korea
³Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
⁴Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
⁵Research Institute of Advanced Manufacturing & Materials Technology, Korea Instituteof Industrial Technology, 156, Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 Republic of Korea
⁶Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
⁷Department of Bioengineering, Hanyang University, 222, Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763 Republic of Korea
⁸Department of Biomedical Engineering, Dongguk University, 30, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620 Republic of Korea
⁹Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, 4726, Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17546 Republic of Korea
¹⁰Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoburo 2066, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419 Republic of Korea
¹¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
¹²College of Medicine, Korea University, 145, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841 Republic of Korea
¹³Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea
¹⁴Biomedical Engineering Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505 Republic of Korea

Corresponding Authors: Jung-Hoon Park, Hyun-Do Jung

^#These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Urethral strictures caused by injury, infection, or inflammation present significant clinical challenges, often leading to severe complications such as kidney failure and infertility. A novel spatiotemporal theragenerative platform, the Joule-assisted nanotherapeutic urethral stent (JANUS), is designed in this study to treat urethral strictures and promote urothelial regeneration. This platform uses a biodegradable magnesium (Mg) alloy stent dual coated with thermoresponsive polycaprolactone (TRP) and sirolimus nanoparticles (nSRL). The dual-sided coating is optimized for distinct therapeutic and regenerative functions. External magnetic stimuli induce localized hyperthermia via Joule heating, facilitate a controlled nSRL release from the TRP coating, enhance bacterial ablation, and inhibit smooth muscle cell proliferation. Simultaneously, Mg ions released from the stent promote endothelial cell proliferation. JANUS demonstrates significant potential as an effective theragenerative platform, offering a balanced therapy and tissue regeneration approach in treating urethral strictures.

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