Jae Hee Lee 1,2, Chae Gyu Lee 3,4, Min Seo Kim 1, Seungyeob Kim 5, Myoung Song 6, Haohui Zhang 7, Eunbyeol Yang 3, Yoon Hee Kwon 8, Young Hoon Jung 1, Dong Yeol Hyeon 1, Yoon Ji Choi 9, Seyong Oh 10, Daniel J Joe 11, Taek-Soo Kim 6, Sanghun Jeon 5, Yonggang Huang 2,7,12, Tae-Hyuk Kwon 3,8, Keon Jae Lee 1
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
2Querrey Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
3Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
4David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
5School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
6Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
7Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
8O2MEDi Incorporation, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
9In Vivo Research Center, UNIST Central Research Facilities, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
10Division of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University ERICA, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea.
11Division of Biomedical Metrology, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
12Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
J.H.L., C.G.L., and M.S.K. contributed equally to this work.
Corresponding Authors: Tae-Hyuk Kwon, Keon Jae Lee