한빛사논문
Elena Beanato 1,2†, Hyuk-June Moon 3,4†, Fabienne Windel 1,2‡, Pierre Vassiliadis 1,2‡, Maximillian J. Wessel 1,2,5‡, Traian Popa 1,2,6, Menoud Pauline 1,2, Esra Neufeld 7,8, Emanuela De Falco 3, Baptiste Gauthier 3, Melanie Steiner 7, Olaf Blanke 3,9*§, Friedhelm C. Hummel 1,2,9*§
1Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.
2Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, Neuro-X Institute (INX), Clinique Romande de Réadaptation, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL Valais), Sion, Switzerland.
3Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuro-X Institute (INX), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Geneva, Switzerland.
4Center for Bionics, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, South Korea.
5Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
6Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
7Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT’IS), Zurich, Switzerland.
8ZMT Zurich MedTech AG, Zurich, Switzerland.
9Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Geneva Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland.
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
‡These authors contributed equally to this work.
§These authors contributed equally to this work
*Corresponding author: correspondence to Olaf Blanke or Friedhelm C. Hummel
Abstract
Because of the depth of the hippocampal-entorhinal complex (HC-EC) in the brain, understanding of its role in spatial navigation via neuromodulation was limited in humans. Here, we aimed to better elucidate this relationship in healthy volunteers, using transcranial temporal interference electric stimulation (tTIS), a noninvasive technique allowing to selectively neuromodulate deep brain structures. We applied tTIS to the right HC-EC in either continuous or intermittent theta-burst stimulation patterns (cTBS or iTBS), compared to a control condition, during a virtual reality–based spatial navigation task and concomitant functional magnetic resonance imaging. iTBS improved spatial navigation performance, correlated with hippocampal activity modulation, and decreased grid cell–like activity in EC. Collectively, these data provide the evidence that human HC-EC activity can be directly and noninvasively modulated leading to changes of spatial navigation behavior. These findings suggest promising perspectives for patients suffering from cognitive impairment such as following traumatic brain injury or dementia.
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