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Mol. Biol. Evol., Sep 03 2024, 41 (9) msae170 | https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msae170
Epigenetics Research in Evolutionary Biology: Perspectives on Timescales and Mechanisms
Soojin V Yi 1,2,3
1Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
2Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
3Neuroscience Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Corresponding author: Soojin V Yi
Abstract
Epigenetics research in evolutionary biology encompasses a variety of research areas, from regulation of gene expression to inheritance of environmentally mediated phenotypes. Such divergent research foci can occasionally render the umbrella term "epigenetics" ambiguous. Here I discuss several areas of contemporary epigenetics research in the context of evolutionary biology, aiming to provide balanced views across timescales and molecular mechanisms. The importance of epigenetics in development is now being assessed in many nonmodel species. These studies not only confirm the importance of epigenetic marks in developmental processes, but also highlight the significant diversity in epigenetic regulatory mechanisms across taxa. Further, these comparative epigenomic studies have begun to show promise toward enhancing our understanding of how regulatory programs evolve. A key property of epigenetic marks is that they can be inherited along mitotic cell lineages, and epigenetic differences that occur during early development can have lasting consequences on the organismal phenotypes. Thus, epigenetic marks may play roles in short-term (within an organism's lifetime or to the next generation) adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. However, the extent to which observed epigenetic variation occurs independently of genetic influences remains uncertain, due to the widespread impact of genetics on epigenetic variation and the limited availability of comprehensive (epi)genomic resources from most species. While epigenetic marks can be inherited independently of genetic sequences in some species, there is little evidence that such "transgenerational inheritance" is a general phenomenon. Rather, molecular mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance are highly variable between species.
논문정보
- Review Paper
- 2024년 09월 (BRIC 등록일 2024-09-12)
- 국외 연구진
- 생명과학 > 유전학
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