한빛사논문
성균관대학교 의과대학, 삼성서울병원
Woo Jin Yang1†, Danbee Kang2,3†, Ji-Hee Sung4, Myung Gyu Song1, Hyejeong Park3, Taegyun Park2,5, Juhee Cho2,3, Tae-Seok Seo1*, Soo-Young Oh4*
1Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
3Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
4Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Republic of Korea
5National Health Insurance Service, Wonju, Republic of Korea
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
*Correspondence: Dr. Tae-Seok Seo, Dr. Soo-Young Oh
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION
What are the maternal and neonatal outcomes of second delivery in women who underwent uterine artery embolization (UAE) during their first delivery?
SUMMARY ANSWER
Women who underwent UAE during their first delivery exhibited higher risks of placental problems, preterm births, and postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in second delivery and the second offspring also showed increased risk of major congenital malformations, admission to the neonatal intensive care units, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY
UAE is a minimally invasive procedure used as an alternative to hysterectomy for managing severe PPH. However, recent studies have raised concerns about potential obstetric complications, including recurrent PPH, placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), and fetal growth restriction (FGR) in subsequent delivery following UAE.
STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION
This was a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (K-NHIS) database, covering 50 million individuals from 2004 to 2020. The cohort included 3,616,923 women with live births between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2019, with follow-up data extending to December 31, 2020.
PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS
The study included women who had their first live birth between 2005 and 2019, excluding those who underwent hysterectomy (without UAE = 3,612,389, UAE = 4,534). Among them, we selected women who had single gestation secondary delivery (without UAE = 1,694,600, UAE = 1,146). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control for confounding factors, resulting in 11,184 women without UAE and 1,119 women with UAE for subsequent analysis.
MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE
Women in the UAE group had significantly higher risks of placenta accreta spectrum (Odds Ratio (OR) = 38.91, 95% CI = 18.61-81.34), placenta previa (OR = 6.98, 95% CI = 5.57-8.75), and preterm birth (OR = 2.23, 95% CI = 1.71-2.90) during their second delivery. The risk of recurrent PPH was also significantly higher (OR = 8.94, 95% CI = 7.19-11.12). Their second offspring were more likely to have major congenital malformations (OR = 1.62, 95% CI = 1.25-2.11) and adverse neonatal outcomes, including Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admissions (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.48-2.25). Long-term outcomes showed a higher risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.03-2.63) but were otherwise comparable to those in the without UAE group.
LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION
Retrospective nature of the study may have introduced exposure and outcome misclassifications, despite the reliability of the K-NHIS database. Unmeasured confounders and selection bias due to only including live births could also have influenced the results.
WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS
Women with a history of UAE require meticulous prenatal care and close monitoring during subsequent deliveries due to increased risks of complications. Counseling and referral to high-risk medical centers may improve outcomes. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of complications in both mothers and offspring at sequential delivery, as well as to refine UAE procedures.
STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S)
This research was supported by a grant from the Patient-Centered Clinical Research Coordinating Center (PACEN) funded by the Ministry of Health & Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number: HC21C0123). The authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.
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