황현정 (KAIST)

한빛사논문

조회157

KAIST

Exp. Mol. Med., Jun 14 2024, | https://doi.org/10.1038/s12276-024-01220-3 Molecular mechanisms of circular RNA translation

Hyun Jung Hwang¹ and Yoon Ki Kim¹

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yoon Ki Kim.

Abstract

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are covalently closed single-stranded RNAs without a 5' cap structure and a 3' poly(A) tail typically present in linear mRNAs of eukaryotic cells. CircRNAs are predominantly generated through a back-splicing process within the nucleus. CircRNAs have long been considered non-coding RNAs seemingly devoid of protein-coding potential. However, many recent studies have challenged this idea and have provided substantial evidence that a subset of circRNAs can associate with polysomes and indeed be translated. Therefore, in this review, we primarily highlight the 5' cap-independent internal initiation of translation that occurs on circular RNAs. Several molecular features of circRNAs, including the internal ribosome entry site, N ⁶-methyladenosine modification, and the exon junction complex deposited around the back-splicing junction after back-splicing event, play pivotal roles in their efficient internal translation. We also propose a possible relationship between the translatability of circRNAs and their stability, with a focus on nonsense-mediated mRNA decay and nonstop decay, both of which are well-characterized mRNA surveillance mechanisms. An in-depth understanding of circRNA translation will reshape and expand our current knowledge of proteomics.

논문정보

형식Review Paper
게재일2024년 06월 (BRIC 등록일 2024-06-14)
연구진국내 연구진
분야 생명과학 > 분자생물학

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