한빛사논문
Minah Kim, MD, PhD1,2; Woori Choi, MS3; Sunah Choi, BS3; Harin Oh, BS3; Jongrak Kim, BS3; Jungha Lee, BS3; Su-Jin An, MS3; Jun Seo Hwang, BS3; Yun-Sang Lee, PhD4; In Chan Song, PhD5; Sun-Young Moon, MD, PhD6; Silvia Kyungjin Lho, MD, PhD7; Sang Soo Cho, PhD3; Jun Soo Kwon, MD, PhD1,2,3,8
1Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
2Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
3Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
4Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
5Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
6Department of Public Health Medical Services, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
7Department of Psychiatry, Seoul Metropolitan Government–Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
8Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University–Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Corresponding Author: Jun Soo Kwon, MD, PhD
Abstract
Importance: In vivo imaging studies of reactive astrocytes are crucial for understanding the pathophysiology of schizophrenia because astrocytes play a critical role in glutamate imbalance and neuroinflammation.
Objective: To investigate in vivo reactive astrocytes in patients with schizophrenia associated with positive symptoms using monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B)-binding fluorine 18 ([18F])-labeled THK5351 positron emission tomography (PET).
Design, setting, and participants: In this case-control study, data were collected from October 1, 2021, to January 31, 2023, from the internet advertisement for the healthy control group and from the outpatient clinics of Seoul National University Hospital in Seoul, South Korea, for the schizophrenia group. Participants included patients with schizophrenia and age- and sex-matched healthy control individuals.
Main outcomes and measures: Standardized uptake value ratios (SUVrs) of [18F]THK5351 in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and hippocampus as primary regions of interest (ROIs), with other limbic regions as secondary ROIs, and the correlation between altered SUVrs and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) positive symptom scores.
Results: A total of 68 participants (mean [SD] age, 32.0 [7.0] years; 41 men [60.3%]) included 33 patients with schizophrenia (mean [SD] age, 32.3 [6.3] years; 22 men [66.7%]) and 35 healthy controls (mean [SD] age, 31.8 [7.6] years; 19 men [54.3%]) who underwent [18F]THK5351 PET scanning. Patients with schizophrenia showed significantly higher SUVrs in the bilateral ACC (left, F = 5.767 [false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected P = .04]; right, F = 5.977 [FDR-corrected P = .04]) and left hippocampus (F = 4.834 [FDR-corrected P = .04]) than healthy controls. Trend-level group differences between the groups in the SUVrs were found in the secondary ROIs (eg, right parahippocampal gyrus, F = 3.387 [P = .07]). There were positive correlations between the SUVrs in the bilateral ACC and the PANSS positive symptom scores (left, r = 0.423 [FDR-corrected P = .03]; right, r = 0.406 [FDR-corrected P = .03]) in patients with schizophrenia.
Conclusions and relevance: This case-control study provides novel in vivo imaging evidence of reactive astrocyte involvement in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Reactive astrocytes in the ACC may be a future target for the treatment of symptoms of schizophrenia, especially positive symptoms.
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