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Stanford University, School of Medicine

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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Apr 09 2024, 121 (15) | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2315167121 Space wandering in the rodent default mode network

Trang-Anh Estelle Nghiem^{1 †}, Byeongwook Lee ^{1 †}, Tzu-Hao Harry Chao^{2 3 4 †}, Nicholas K Branigan ¹, Percy K Mistry ¹, Yen-Yu Ian Shih ^{2 3 4 5 *}, Vinod Menon ^{1 6 7 *}

¹Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304.

²Center for Animal MRI, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.

³Biomedical Research Imaging Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.

⁴Department of Neurology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.

⁵Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514.

⁶Department of Neurology & Neurological Sciences, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304.

⁷Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305.

^†Contributed equally.

^*Corresponding authors: correspondence to Yen-Yu Ian Shih or Vinod Menon

Abstract

The default mode network (DMN) is a large-scale brain network known to be suppressed during a wide range of cognitive tasks. However, our comprehension of its role in naturalistic and unconstrained behaviors has remained elusive because most research on the DMN has been conducted within the restrictive confines of MRI scanners. Here, we use multisite GCaMP (a genetically encoded calcium indicator) fiber photometry with simultaneous videography to probe DMN function in awake, freely exploring rats. We examined neural dynamics in three core DMN nodes-the retrosplenial cortex, cingulate cortex, and prelimbic cortex-as well as the anterior insula node of the salience network, and their association with the rats' spatial exploration behaviors. We found that DMN nodes displayed a hierarchical functional organization during spatial exploration, characterized by stronger coupling with each other than with the anterior insula. Crucially, these DMN nodes encoded the kinematics of spatial exploration, including linear and angular velocity. Additionally, we identified latent brain states that encoded distinct patterns of time-varying exploration behaviors and found that higher linear velocity was associated with enhanced DMN activity, heightened synchronization among DMN nodes, and increased anticorrelation between the DMN and anterior insula. Our findings highlight the involvement of the DMN in collectively and dynamically encoding spatial exploration in a real-world setting. Our findings challenge the notion that the DMN is primarily a "task-negative" network disengaged from the external world. By illuminating the DMN's role in naturalistic behaviors, our study underscores the importance of investigating brain network function in ecologically valid contexts.

논문정보

형식Research article
게재일2024년 04월 (BRIC 등록일 2024-04-26)
연구진국외 연구진
분야 생명과학 > 신경생물학

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