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Emerg. Infect. Dis, Volume 30, Number 2—February 2024 | https://doi.org/10.3201/eid3002.231274 Evolution and Spread of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Wild Birds, South Korea, 2022-2023

Ye-Ram Seo¹, Andrew Y. Cho¹, Young-Jae Si¹, Song-I Lee, Dong-Ju Kim, Hyesung Jeong, Jung-Hoon Kwon, Chang-Seon Song, and Dong-Hun Lee

Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea (Y.-R. Seo, A.Y. Cho, C.-S. Song, D.-H. Lee); National Institute of Wildlife Disease Control and Prevention, Gwangju, South Korea (Y.-J. Si, S.-I Lee, D.-J. Kim, Hyesung Jeong); Kyungpook National University College of Veterinary Medicine, Daegu, South Korea (J.-H. Kwon)

¹These first authors contributed equally to this article.

Corresponding author : Dong-Hun Lee

Abstract

During October 2022-March 2023, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b virus caused outbreaks in South Korea, including 174 cases in wild birds. To understand the origin and role of wild birds in the evolution and spread of HPAI viruses, we sequenced 113 HPAI isolates from wild birds and performed phylogenetic analysis. We identified 16 different genotypes, indicating extensive genetic reassortment with viruses in wild birds. Phylodynamic analysis showed that the viruses were most likely introduced to the southern Gyeonggi-do/northern Chungcheongnam-do area through whooper swans (Cygnus cygnus) and spread southward. Cross-species transmission occurred between various wild bird species, including waterfowl and raptors, resulting in the persistence of HPAI in wild bird populations and further geographic spread as these birds migrated throughout South Korea. Enhanced genomic surveillance was an integral part of the HPAI outbreak response, aiding in timely understanding of the origin, evolution, and spread of the virus.

논문정보

형식Research article
게재일2024년 02월 (BRIC 등록일 2024-01-25)
연구진국내 연구진
분야 생명과학 > 수의학

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