한빛사논문
Jaejin Park 1†, Kyubeen Kim 1†, Yujin Kim 2†, Tae Soo Kim 1,3†, In Sik Min 1, Bowen Li 4, Young Uk Cho 1, Chanwoo Lee 1, Ju Young Lee 1, Yuyan Gao 4, Kyowon Kang 1, Do Hyeon Kim 5, Won Jun Choi 3, Hyun-Beom Shin 6, Ho Kwan Kang 6, Young Min Song 5, Huanyu Cheng 4,7, Il-Joo Cho 2,8, Ki Jun Yu 1,9
1Functional Bio-integrated Electronics and Energy Management Lab, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
2Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
3Center for Opto-Electronic Materials and Devices, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea.
4Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
5School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
6Korea Advanced Nano Fab Center (KANC), Suwon 443-270, Korea.
7Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
8Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73 Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
9Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, YU-Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) Institute, Yonsei University, 50, Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea.
*Corresponding authors: Il-Joo Cho, Ki Jun Yu
†These authors contributed equally to this work.
Abstract
Numerous wireless optogenetic systems have been reported for practical tether-free optogenetics in freely moving animals. However, most devices rely on battery-powered or coil-powered systems requiring periodic battery replacement or bulky, high-cost charging equipment with delicate antenna design. This leads to spatiotemporal constraints, such as limited experimental duration due to battery life or animals' restricted movement within specific areas to maintain wireless power transmission. In this study, we present a wireless, solar-powered, flexible optoelectronic device for neuromodulation of the complete freely behaving subject. This device provides chronic operation without battery replacement or other external settings including impedance matching technique and radio frequency generators. Our device uses high-efficiency, thin InGaP/GaAs tandem flexible photovoltaics to harvest energy from various light sources, which powers Bluetooth system to facilitate long-term, on-demand use. Observation of sustained locomotion behaviors for a month in mice via secondary motor cortex area stimulation demonstrates the notable capabilities of our device, highlighting its potential for space-free neuromodulating applications.
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