한빛사논문
Ein Lee1,6, Chang-Hyun Song2,6, Sung-Jin Bae3, Ki-Tae Ha4 and Rajendra Karki2,5,*
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, South Korea.
2Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea.
3Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, South Korea.
4Department of Korean Medical Science, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, South Korea.
5Nexus Institute of Research and Innovation (NIRI), Kathmandu, Nepal.
6These authors contributed equally: Ein Lee, Chang-Hyun Song.
*Corresponding author: correspondence to Rajendra Karki
Abstract
Pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, which are the most well-studied regulated cell death (RCD) pathways, contribute to the clearance of infected or potentially neoplastic cells, highlighting their importance in homeostasis, host defense against pathogens, cancer, and a wide range of other pathologies. Although these four RCD pathways employ distinct molecular and cellular processes, emerging genetic and biochemical studies have suggested remarkable flexibility and crosstalk among them. The crosstalk among pyroptosis, apoptosis and necroptosis pathways is more evident in cellular responses to infection, which has led to the conceptualization of PANoptosis. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms of pyroptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis and their importance in maintaining homeostasis. We discuss the intricate crosstalk among these RCD pathways and the current evidence supporting PANoptosis, focusing on infectious diseases and cancer. Understanding the fundamental processes of various cell death pathways is crucial to inform the development of new therapeutics against many diseases, including infection, sterile inflammation, and cancer.
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