한빛사논문
Raj Mukhopadhyay a, Binoy Sarkar b, Eakalak Khan c, Daniel S. Alessi d, Jayanta Kumar Biswas e, K. M. Manjaiah f, Miharu Eguchi g, Kevin C. W. Wu h, Yusuke Yamauchi i,j & Yong Sik Ok k
a Division of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, ICAR-Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, India
b Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
c Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Construction, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
d Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
e Department of Ecological Studies & International Centre for Ecological Engineering, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, India
f ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
g Electronic Functional Materials Group, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
h Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
i Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) and School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
j JST-ERATO Yamauchi Materials Space-Tectonics Project and International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan
k Korea Biochar Research Center, APRU Sustainable Waste Management Program & Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Correspondence: Binoy Sarkar, Yong Sik Ok
Abstract
Rapid growth in population, industry, urbanization and intensive agriculture have led to soil and water pollution by various contaminants. Nanoremediation has become one of the most successful emerging technologies for cleaning up soil and water contaminants due to the high reactivity of nanomaterials (NMs). Numerous publications are available on the use of NMs for removing contaminants, and the efficiencies are often improved by modifications of NMs with polymers, clay minerals, zeolites, activated carbon, and biochar. This paper critically reviews the current state-of-the-art NMs used for sustainable soil and water remediation, focusing on their applications in novel remedial approaches, such as adsorption/filtration, catalysis, photodegradation, electro-nanoremediation, and nano-bioremediation. Insights into process performances, modes of deployment, potential environmental risks and their management, and the consequent societal and economic implications of using NMs for soil and water remediation indicate that widespread acceptance of nanoremediation technologies requires not only a substantial advancement of the underpinning science and engineering aspects themselves, but also practical demonstrations of the effectiveness of already recognized approaches at real world in-situ conditions. New research involving green nanotechnology, nano-bioremediation, electro-nanoremediation, risk assessment of NMs, and outreach activities are needed to achieve successful applications of nanoremediation at regional and global scales.
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