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한국건설기술연구원

J. Clin. Virol., 2023 Jun 2;165:105502 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2023.105502 Ventilation strategies based on an aerodynamic analysis during a large-scale SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in an acute-care hospital

Se Yoon Park ^a,b,c,1, Jungyeon Yu ^d,1, Sanghwan Bae ^d, Jin Su Song ^e, Shin Young Lee^f, Jin Hwa Kim ^g, Yeon Su Jeong^g, Sun Mi Oh^g, Tae Hyong Kim ^h, Eunjung Lee ^h

^aDepartment of Hospital Medicine, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yongin, Republic of Korea
^bCenters for Digital Health, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System, Yongin, Republic of Korea
^cDepartment of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
^dDepartment of Building Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang-Si, Republic of Korea
^eGraduate School of Global Development & Enterpreneurship, Handong Global University, Pohang, Republic of Korea
^fDivision of Infectious Disease Response, Korea Diseases Control and Prevention Agency, Republic of Korea
^gInfection Control Team, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
^hDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

¹Contributed equally as first authors
Corresponding author : Eunjung Lee

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to investigate ventilation strategies to prevent nosocomial transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective epidemiological investigation of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak in a teaching hospital (February-March 2021). The largest outbreak ward was studied, and measurements were taken to determine the pressure difference and air change per hour (ACH) of the rooms. Airflow dynamics were assessed using an oil droplet generator, indoor air quality sensor, and particle image velocimetry in the index patient's room, corridor, and opposite rooms, by varying the opening and closing of windows and doors.

Results: During the outbreak, 283 COVID-19 cases were identified. The SARS-CoV-2 spread occurred sequentially from the index room to the nearest room, especially the opposite. The aerodynamic study demonstrated that droplet-like particles in the index room diffused through the corridor and the opposite room through the opening door. The mean ACH of the rooms was 1.44; the air supply volume was 15.9% larger than the exhaust volume, forming a positive pressure. Closing the door prevented diffusion between adjacent rooms facing each other, and natural ventilation reduced the concentration of particles within the ward and minimised their spread to adjacent rooms.

Conclusions: Spread of droplet-like particles between rooms could be attributed to the pressure difference between the rooms and corridor. To prevent spread of SARS-CoV-2 between rooms, increasing the ACH in the room by maximising ventilation and minimising the positive pressure through supply/exhaust control and closing the room door are essential.

논문정보

형식Research article
게재일2023년 06월 (BRIC 등록일 2023-06-27)
연구진국내 연구진
분야 의약학 > 응용의학

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