한빛사논문
Kyeongha Kwon 1,18, Jong Uk Kim2,3,18, Sang Min Won4,18, Jianzhong Zhao 5,6,7,8,18, Raudel Avila8, Heling Wang 5,6,7,8, Keum San Chun 9, Hokyung Jang 10, Kun Hyuck Lee11, Jae-Hwan Kim12, Seonggwang Yoo 3, Youn J. Kang13, Joohee Kim3, Jaeman Lim 3, Yoonseok Park 14, Wei Lu3, Tae-il Kim 2,15, Anthony Banks3,16, Yonggang Huang 3,5,6,7 & John A. Rogers 3,16,17
1School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
2School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
3Querrey-Simpson Institute for Bioelectronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
5Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
6Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
7Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
8Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
9Electrical and Computer Engineering, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.
10Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
11ImpriMED, Inc., Palo Alto, CA, USA.
12Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
13Department of Ocean System Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
14Department of Advanced Materials Engineering for Information and Electronics, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
15Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
16Wearifi, Inc., Evanston, IL, USA.
17Department of Biomedical Engineering, Neurological Surgery, Chemistry, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
18These authors contributed equally: Kyeongha Kwon, Jong Uk Kim, Sang Min Won, Jianzhong Zhao.
Corresponding authors : Correspondence to Kyeongha Kwon or John A. Rogers.
Abstract
Devices for monitoring blood haemodynamics can guide the perioperative management of patients with cardiovascular disease. Current technologies for this purpose are constrained by wired connections to external electronics, and wireless alternatives are restricted to monitoring of either blood pressure or blood flow. Here we report the design aspects and performance parameters of an integrated wireless sensor capable of implantation in the heart or in a blood vessel for simultaneous measurements of pressure, flow rate and temperature in real time. The sensor is controlled via long-range communication through a subcutaneously implanted and wirelessly powered Bluetooth Low Energy system-on-a-chip. The device can be delivered via a minimally invasive transcatheter procedure or it can be mounted on a passive medical device such as a stent, as we show for the case of the pulmonary artery in a pig model and the aorta and left ventricle in a sheep model, where the device performs comparably to clinical tools for monitoring of blood flow and pressure. Battery-less and wireless devices such as these that integrate capabilities for flow, pressure and temperature sensing offer the potential for continuous monitoring of blood haemodynamics in patients.
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