한빛사논문
성균관대학교
Minjeong Kim1,2, Na Kyeong Lee1,2, Chi‑Pin James Wang1,2, Jaesung Lim1,2, Min Ji Byun1,2, Tae‑Hyung Kim3, Wooram Park4, Dae‑Hwan Park5,6,7,8*, Se‑Na Kim9* and Chun Gwon Park1,2,9,10,11*
1Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, Republic of Korea
2Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, Republic of Korea
3School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok‑Ro, Dongjak‑Gu, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
4Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, Republic of Korea
5Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
6Department of Industrial Cosmetic Science, College of Bio-Health University System, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
7Department of Synchrotron Radiation Science and Technology, College of Bio-Health University System, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
8LANG SCIENCE Inc., Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
9Research and Development Center, MediArk Inc., Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
10Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, Republic of Korea
11Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, Gyeonggi 16419, Republic of Korea
*Correspondence: Dae‑Hwan Park, Se‑Na Kim, Chun Gwon Park
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a unique environment that is developed by the tumor and controlled by tumor-induced interactions with host cells during tumor progression. The TME includes immune cells, which can be classified into two types: tumor- antagonizing and tumor-promoting immune cells. Increasing the tumor treatment responses is associated with the tumor immune microenvironment. Targeting the TME has become a popular topic in research, which includes polarizing macrophage phenotype 2 into macrophage phenotype 1 using Toll-like receptor agonists with cytokines, anti-CD47, and anti-SIPRα. Moreover, inhibiting regulatory T cells through blockades and depletion restricts immunosuppressive cells in the TME. Reprogramming T cell infiltration and T cell exhaustion improves tumor infiltrating lymphocytes, such as CD8+ or CD4+ T cells. Targeting metabolic pathways, including glucose, lipid, and amino acid metabolisms, can suppress tumor growth by restricting the absorption of nutrients and adenosine triphosphate energy into tumor cells. In conclusion, these TME reprogramming strategies exhibit more effective responses using combination treatments, biomaterials, and nanoparticles. This review highlights how biomaterials and immunotherapy can reprogram TME and improve the immune activity.
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