한빛사논문
Hyeong Jun Joa,1, Gwang-Bum Imb,1, Akhmad Irhas Robbyc,e, Insik Ina,c,d, Suk Ho Bhangb, Arnab Shite, Sung Young Parka,c,e
aDepartment of IT and Energy Convergence (BK21 FOUR), Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
bSchool of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
cChemical Industry Research Institute, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
dDepartment of Polymer Science and Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
eDepartment of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea
1These authors are equally contributed.
Corresponding authors: Suk Ho Bhang, Arnab Shit, Sung Young Park
Abstract
This study illustrates the design of a cancer microenvironment-selective detection system via the monitoring of wireless pressure and strain sensing response from a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive carbon dot (CD)-embedded conductive hydrogel. ROS scavenging activity and photothermal therapy (PTT) were employed to eliminate the tumor condition. The ROS-responsive hydrogel (dsCD-Hydrogel) contained diselenide-crosslinked CD, which was dismantled in the cancer microenvironment. After being free from aggregation, the fluorescence intensity, charge carrier density, and hydrogen bonding interactions were increased. As a result, the conductivity, mechanical stretchability, and strain-pressure responses were enhanced by 52%, 122%, and 91%, respectively. The dsCD-Hydrogel produced distinct electronic signals in the presence of cancer cells according to the higher strain–pressure sensitivity in the handwriting experiment compared to normal cells. Ex-situ measurements also revealed an excellent pressure-sensing response in tumor-carrying mice. The ROS scavenging activity of the dsCD-Hydrogel decreased tumor volume. Furthermore, NIR irradiation via PTT abolished the tumor, which was verified by the downregulation of tumor hypoxia by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) expression. To ease the monitoring procedure and acquire real-time conductivity and pressure profiles on cellphones, a wireless sensor device was deployed. Overall, a theragnostic sensor based on strain–pressure hydrogel that exhibits direct anticancer activity via PTT was successfully constructed.
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