한빛사논문
Sunhee Jung,1,∗ Hosung Bae,1,∗ Won-Suk Song,1,2,∗ and Cholsoon Jang1,3,4,5
1Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California, USA;
2Institute of Bioengineering, Bio-MAX, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
3Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
4Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
5Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California, Irvine, California, USA
∗These authors contributed equally to this article
Abstract
The consumption of fructose as sugar and high-fructose corn syrup has markedly increased during the past several decades. This trend coincides with the exponential rise of metabolic diseases, including obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes. While the biochemical pathways of fructose metabolism were elucidated in the early 1990s, organismal-level fructose metabolism and its whole-body pathophysiological impacts have been only recently investigated. In this review, we discuss the history of fructose consumption, biochemical and molecular pathways involved in fructose metabolism in different organs and gut microbiota, the role of fructose in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases, and the remaining questions to treat such diseases.
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