한빛사논문
- 조회1,911
Hong-Gyun Lee1,3, Michael A. Wheeler1,2,3 and Francisco J. Quintana1,2,*
1Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. 2Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA. 3These authors contributed equally: Hong-Gyun Lee, Michael A. Wheeler
*Corresponding author.
Abstract
Astrocytes are abundant glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS) that perform diverse functions in health and disease. Astrocyte dysfunction is found in numerous diseases, including multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, Huntington disease and neuropsychiatric disorders. Astrocytes regulate glutamate and ion homeostasis, cholesterol and sphingolipid metabolism and respond to environmental factors, all of which have been implicated in neurological diseases. Astrocytes also exhibit significant heterogeneity, driven by developmental programmes and stimulus-specific cellular responses controlled by CNS location, cell–cell interactions and other mechanisms. In this Review, we highlight general mechanisms of astrocyte regulation and their potential as therapeutic targets, including drugs that alter astrocyte metabolism, and therapies that target transporters and receptors on astrocytes. Emerging ideas, such as engineered probiotics and glia-to-neuron conversion therapies, are also discussed. We further propose a concise nomenclature for astrocyte subsets that we use to highlight the roles of astrocytes and specific subsets in neurological diseases.
논문정보
- Review Paper
- 2022년 02월 (BRIC 등록일 2022-02-25)
- 국외 연구진
- 의약학 > 신경의학
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