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Utkarsh Mangal
Utkarsh MangalUtkarsh Mangal

연세대학교 치과대학

Bioact. Mater., Available online 20 November 2021 | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.11.020 Multivalent network modifier upregulates bioactivity of multispecies biofilm-resistant polyalkenoate cement

Ji-Yeong Kima,b,1, Woojin Choic,1, Utkarsh Mangala,1, Ji-Young Seoa, Tae-Yun Kangd, Joohee Leee, Taeho Kimc, Jung-Yul Chaa, Kee-Joon Leea, Kwang-Mahn Kimd, Jin-Man Kimf, Dohyun Kimg, Jae-Sung Kwonb,d,*, Jinkee Hongc,*, Sung-Hwan Choia,b,*

aDepartment of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
bBK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
cDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
dDepartment and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
eJohns Hopkins University, 3400 N. Charles St., Mason Hall, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
fDepartment of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
gDepartment of Conservative Dentistry, Oral Science Research Center, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea

1These authors contributed equally to the article.

*Corresponding author.

Abstract

Polyalkenoate cement (PAC) is a promising material for regenerative hard tissue therapy. The ionically rich glass component of PAC encourages bioactive interaction via. the release of essential ions. However, PAC bioactivity is restricted owing to (i) structurally inherent cationic network formers and (ii) surface bacterial biofilm formation. These two factors cause a deficiency in ion release, further complicated by secondary infections and premature therapeutic failure. Here, a multivalent zwitterionic network modifier (mZM) is presented for upregulation of ionic exchange and bioactivity enhancement. By introducing a non-zero charged mZM into PACs, an increase in the proportion of non-bridging oxygen occurs. The network modification promotes ion channel formation, causing a multiple-fold increase in ion release and surface deposition of hydroxy-carbonate apatite (ca. 74%). Experiments ex vivo and animal models also demonstrate the efficient remineralization ability of the mZM. Furthermore, divalent cationic interaction results in bacterial biofilm reduction (ca. 68%) while also influencing a shift in the biofilm species composition, which favors commensal growth. Therefore, PAC modification with mZM offers a promising solution for upregulation of bioactivity, even aiding in customization by targeting site-specific regenerative therapy in future applications.

Keywords : Multivalent network modifier, Bioactive materials, Glass polyalkenoate cement, Ion release, Remineralization, Multispecies biofilm resistance

논문정보

  • 형식Research article
  • 게재일2021년 11월 (BRIC 등록일 2021-11-26)
  • 연구진국내(교신)+국외 연구진
  • 분야 의약학 > 치의학

관련 인터뷰

1. 논문관련 분야의 소개, 동향, 전망을 설명, 연구과정에서 생긴 에피소드 Dental treatment has benefited greatly since the advent of polyalkenoate cement (PAC) in the form of glass ionomer cement (GIC). It finds regular and versatile application in the restoration of the lost tooth mineralized tissue. Although easy to use and aesthetics, the conventional PAC does not fulfill the requirement of a “truly bioactive” material. The inhibited ion release and susceptibility to bacterial damage are major challenges with the material. Our research team hypothesized and developed an innovative method to overcome these limitations from the PAC. We propose using multivalent zwitterionic modifiers (mZM) a combination of polybetaine zwitterionic derivatives that modify the network of the internal glass phase of the PAC, then referred to as zPAC. By incrementing the non bridging oxygen (NBO)/ bridging oxygen (BO) ratio with mZM, upregulation of the cured cement’s ion release occurs, which promotes remineralization and formation of apatite analogs. Retaining the core zwitterionic action, resistance to bacterial biofilm formation could also be observed. Moreover, interestingly we could also observe the expression of dysbiosis resistance with mZM zPACs. The findings from our study are encouraging and display potential towards adapting a network modification protocol in advancement towards a truly bioactive material. 2. 연구를 진행했던 소속기관 또는 연구소에 대해 소개 부탁 드립니다. I graduated with a professional masters along with my residency in orthodontics (MDS) from Manipal University, India. Presently, I am a graduate student at the prestigious Yonsei University College of Dentistry, at the Department of Orthodontics and Institute of Craniofacial Deformity. The core of the research work by our team, Team AIB (Advanced and Innovative Biomaterials), is conducted under the guidance of Professors Sung-Hwan Choi and Professor Jae-Sung Kwon. Team AIB members bring the best of their individual specialties, and the resulting synergy helps present successful outcomes. 3. 연구활동 하시면서 평소 느끼신 점 또는 자부심, 보람 Working with zwitterions has been the core research focus of our research team. The research experience from the past three years has been instrumental in reaching the present level. We’ve been trying to figure out a lot from the research, and we’ve learned a lot about dental biomaterials, which can benefit from many advantages of zwitterions. The professor and team are wonderful and respectful people to me. It is a most rewarding and growing experience to be in an interdisciplinary environment. Working and learning with researchers from different fields broaden our horizons and lead to innovation. 4. 이 분야로 진학하려는 후배들 또는 유학준비생들에게 도움이 되는 말씀을 해 주신다면? I would like to pass on the advice I received. “There is no substitute for hard work, and that it never goes unrewarded.” Best science happens when the hard work resonates with the teamwork. Meeting good mentors and guides is a definite way to unlock your research potential. Doing multidisciplinary research is not free from challenging aspects of other fields. Active reading and discussions are the answer to reaching a fitting inference to a multitude of findings. 5. 연구활동과 관련된 앞으로의 계획이 있으시다면? After completing the Ph.D. program, I would actively pursue a career in academics and research. With my clinical and research knowledge combined, I believe I will be able to conduct more multidisciplinary research of clinical relevance. 6. 다른 하시고 싶은 이야기들.... I would like to express my gratitude to my family, guardians, and colleagues for supporting me in developing a research career.
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