한빛사논문
Chihyeong Wona, Chaebeen Kwona, Kijun Parkb, Jungmok Seob,* and Taeyoon Leea,c,*
aNanobio Device Laboratory, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
bBiological Interfaces and Sensor Systems Laboratory, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 0372, Republic of Korea
cCenter for BioMicrosystems, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
C.W., C.K., and K.P. contributed equally to this work.
*To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Recent advances in diagnostics and medicines emphasize the spatial and temporal aspects of monitoring and treating diseases. However, conventional therapeutics, including oral administration and injection, have difficulties meeting these aspects due to physiological and technological limitations, such as long‐term implantation and a narrow therapeutic window. As an innovative approach to overcome these limitations, electronic devices known as electronic drugs (e‐drugs) have been developed to monitor real‐time body signals and deliver specific treatments to targeted tissues or organs. For example, ingestible and patch‐type e‐drugs could detect changes in biomarkers at the target sites, including the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the skin, and deliver therapeutics to enhance healing in a spatiotemporal manner. However, medical treatments often require invasive surgical procedures and implantation of medical equipment for either short or long‐term use. Therefore, approaches that could minimize implantation‐associated side effects, such as inflammation and scar tissue formation, while maintaining high functionality of e‐drugs, are highly needed. Herein, the importance of the spatial and temporal aspects of medical treatment is thoroughly reviewed along with how e‐drugs use cutting‐edge technological innovations to deal with unresolved medical challenges. Furthermore, diverse uses of e‐drugs in clinical applications and the future perspectives of e‐drugs are discussed.
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