한빛사논문
Chuna Kim1,2,7, Sanghyun Sung1,7, Jong-Seo Kim1,3,7, Hyunji Lee1, Yoonseok Jung3, Sanghee Shin1,3, Eunkyeong Kim1, Jenny J. Seo1,3, Jun Kim1, Daeun Kim4,5, Hiroyuki Niida6, V. Narry Kim1,3, Daechan Park4,5,* & Junho Lee1,*
1Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.
2Aging Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Korea.
3Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Korea.
4Department of Biological Sciences, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
5Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea. 6Department of Molecular Biology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
7These authors contributed equally: Chuna Kim, Sanghyun Sung, Jong-Seo Kim.
*Corresponding author
Abstract
Telomeres are part of a highly refined system for maintaining the stability of linear chromosomes. Most telomeres rely on simple repetitive sequences and telomerase enzymes to protect chromosomal ends; however, in some species or telomerase-defective situations, an alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) mechanism is used. ALT mainly utilises recombination-based replication mechanisms and the constituents of ALT-based telomeres vary depending on models. Here we show that mouse telomeres can exploit non-telomeric, unique sequences in addition to telomeric repeats. We establish that a specific subtelomeric element, the mouse template for ALT (mTALT), is used for repairing telomeric DNA damage as well as for composing portions of telomeres in ALT-dependent mouse embryonic stem cells. Epigenomic and proteomic analyses before and after ALT activation reveal a high level of non-coding mTALT transcripts despite the heterochromatic nature of mTALT-based telomeres. After ALT activation, the increased HMGN1, a non-histone chromosomal protein, contributes to the maintenance of telomere stability by regulating telomeric transcription. These findings provide a molecular basis to study the evolution of new structures in telomeres.
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