김동엽 (전북대학교 치과대학, University of Pennsylvania) | 한빛사논문 > 한빛사

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전북대학교 치과대학, University of Pennsylvania

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, First published May 18, 2020 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1919099117 Spatial mapping of polymicrobial communities reveals a precise biogeography associated with human dental caries

Dongyeop Kim^a,b, Juan P. Barraza^c,d,e, Rodrigo A. Arthur^a,f, Anderson Hara^g, Karl Lewis^h, Yuan Liu^a,i, Elizabeth L. Scisciⁱ, Evlambia Hajishengallisⁱ, Marvin Whiteley^c,d,e,1, and Hyun Koo^a,i,j,1

^aBiofilm Research Laboratory, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; ^bDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University, 54896 Jeonju, Republic of Korea; ^cSchool of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332; ^dEmory-Children’s Cystic Fibrosis Center, Atlanta, GA 30322; ^eCenter for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332; ^fPreventive and Community Dentistry Department, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS 90035-003, Brazil; ^gDepartment of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Oral Health Research Institute, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN 46202; ^hDepartment of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202; ⁱDivisions of Pediatric Dentistry and Community Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104; and ^jCenter for Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104

¹To whom correspondence may be addressed.

Abstract

Tooth decay (dental caries) is a widespread human disease caused by microbial biofilms. Streptococcus mutans, a biofilm-former, has been consistently associated with severe childhood caries; however, how this bacterium is spatially organized with other microorganisms in the oral cavity to promote disease remains unknown. Using intact biofilms formed on teeth of toddlers affected by caries, we discovered a unique 3D rotund-shaped architecture composed of multiple species precisely arranged in a corona-like structure with an inner core of S. mutans encompassed by outer layers of other bacteria. This architecture creates localized regions of acidic pH and acute enamel demineralization (caries) in a mixed-species biofilm model on human teeth, suggesting this highly ordered community as the causative agent. Notably, the construction of this architecture was found to be an active process initiated by production of an extracellular scaffold by S. mutans that assembles the corona cell arrangement, encapsulating the pathogen core. In addition, this spatial patterning creates a protective barrier against antimicrobials while increasing bacterial acid fitness associated with the disease-causing state. Our data reveal a precise biogeography in a polymicrobial community associated with human caries that can modulate the pathogen positioning and virulence potential in situ, indicating that micron-scale spatial structure of the microbiome may mediate the function and outcome of host–pathogen interactions.

dental caries, polymicrobial, biogeography, biofilm, Streptococcus mutans

논문정보

형식Research article
게재일2020년 05월 (BRIC 등록일 2020-05-25)
연구진국내+국외 연구진
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