한빛사논문
Sangwoo Park1,†, Jae Won Ahn2,†, YoungJu Jo3,4,†,‡, Ha-Young Kang1, Hyun Jung Kim5, Yeongmi Cheon1, Jin Won Kim5, YongKeun Park3,4,6, Seongsoo Lee1,* and Kyeongsoon Park2,*
1Gwangju Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Gwangju, 61186, Korea.
2Department of Systems Biotechnology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, Gyeonggi, 17546, Korea.
3Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
4KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Korea.
5Cardiovascular Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, 08308, Korea.
6Tomocube Inc., Daejeon, 34051, Korea
†Authorscontributed equally
‡Present address: Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.
*Corresponding Authors
Abstract
Lipid droplet (LD) accumulation, a key feature of foam cells, constitutes an attractive target for therapeutic intervention in atherosclerosis. However, despite advances in cellular imaging techniques, current noninvasive and quantitative methods have limited application in living foam cells. Here, using optical diffraction tomography (ODT), we performed quantitative morphological and biophysical analysis of living foam cells in a label-free manner. We identified LDs in foam cells by verifying the specific refractive index using correlative imaging comprising ODT integrated with three-dimensional fluorescence imaging. Through time-lapse monitoring of three-dimensional dynamics of label-free living foam cells, we precisely and quantitatively evaluated the therapeutic effects of a nanodrug (mannose–polyethylene glycol–glycol chitosan–fluorescein isothiocyanate–lobeglitazone; MMR-Lobe) designed to affect the targeted delivery of lobeglitazone to foam cells based on high mannose receptor specificity. Furthermore, by exploiting machine-learning-based image analysis, we further demonstrated therapeutic evaluation at the single-cell level. These findings suggest that refractive index measurement is a promising tool to explore new drugs against LD-related metabolic diseases.
KEYWORDS : atherosclerosis, foam cell, lipid droplet, 3-D holotomography, refractive index, machine learning
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