한빛사논문
Jun-Hee Lee,1 Young-Ri Shim,1 Wonhyo Seo,1,2 Myung-Ho Kim,1 Won-Mook Choi,1 Hee-Hoon Kim,1 Ye-Eun Kim,1 Keungmo Yang,1 Tom Ryu,1 Jong-Min Jeong,1 Hei-Gwon Choi,3 Hyuk Soo Eun,3 Seok-Hwan Kim,4 Hyejin Mun,5 Je-Hyun Yoon5 and Won-Il Jeong1,*
1 Laboratory of Liver Research, Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
2 Laboratory of Liver Diseases, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
3 Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.
4 Department of Surgery, Chungnam National University, College of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Republic of Korea.
5 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.Keywords: extracellular vesicle; γδ T cell; interleukin-1β; Kupffer cell; microvesicle
*Contact information
Won-Il Jeong, DVM, Ph.D, Laboratory of Liver Research, Bldg E7 Rm8107, GSMSE/KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
Abstract
Mitochondrial double‐stranded RNA (mtdsRNA) and its innate immune responses have been reported previously; however, mtdsRNA generation and its effects on alcoholic liver disease (ALD) remain unclear. Here, we report that hepatic mtdsRNA stimulates toll‐like receptor 3 (TLR3) in Kupffer cells through the exosome to enhance IL‐17A production in ALD. Following binge ethanol drinking, IL‐17A production primarily increased in γδ T cells of wild type (WT) mice, whereas the production of IL‐17A was mainly facilitated by CD4+ T cells in acute on chronic ethanol consumption. These were not observed in TLR3 KO or Kupffer cell‐depleted WT mice. The expression of PNPase, an mtdsRNA restricting enzyme, was significantly decreased in ethanol‐exposed livers and hepatocytes of WT mice. Immunostaining revealed that mtdsRNA co‐localized with the mitochondria in ethanol‐treated hepatocytes from WT mice and healthy humans. Bioanalyzer analysis revealed that small‐sized RNAs were enriched in ethanol‐treated exosomes (EtOH‐Exo) rather than EtOH‐treated microvesicles in hepatocytes of WT mice and humans. qPCR and RNA sequencing analyses indicated that mRNA expression of mitochondrial genes encoded by heavy and light strands was robustly increased in EtOH‐Exo from mice and humans. After direct treatment with EtOH‐Exo, IL‐1β expression was significantly increased in WT Kupffer cells but not in TLR3 KO Kupffer cells, augmenting IL‐17A production of γδ T cells in mice and humans.
Keywords : extracellular vesicle, γδ T cell, interleukin‐1β, Kupffer cellm, microvesicle
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