한빛사논문, 상위피인용논문
Abstract
aSection on Neural Gene Expression, NIMH, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
Received 15 June 2007; revised 24 October 2007; accepted 24 October 2007. Available online 4 November 2007.
Vasopressin (Avp) is mainly synthesized in the magnocellular cells of the hypothalamic supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular nuclei (PVN) whose axons project to the posterior pituitary. Avp is then released into the blood stream upon appropriate stimulation (e.g., hemorrhage or dehydration) to act at the kidneys and blood vessels. The brain also contains several populations of smaller, parvocellular neurons whose projections remain within the brain. These populations are located within the PVN, bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), medial amygdala (MeA) and suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN).
Since the 1950s, research examining the roles of Avp in the brain and periphery has intensified. The development of specific agonists and antagonists for Avp receptors has allowed for a better elucidation of its contributions to physiology and behavior. Anatomical, pharmacological and transgenic, including “knockout,” animal studies have implicated Avp in the regulation of various social behaviors across species.
Avp plays a prominent role in the regulation of aggression, generally of facilitating or promoting it. Affiliation and certain aspects of pair-bonding are also influenced by Avp. Memory, one of the first brain functions of Avp that was investigated, has been implicated especially strongly in social recognition. The roles of Avp in stress, anxiety, and depressive states are areas of active exploration. In this review, we concentrate on the scientific progress that has been made in understanding the role of Avp in regulating these and other behaviors across species. We also discuss the implications for human behavior.
Keywords: Aggression; Stress; Circadian; Knockout; Transgenic; Behavior; Anxiety; Review; Paraventricular; Supraoptic; Suprachiasmatic; Avpr1a; Avpr1b; Affiliation; Maternal behavior; Learning; Memory; Hippocampus; Oxytocin
*Corresponding author at: 9000 Rockville Pike, Building 49, Room 5A60, Bethesda, MD 20892-4483, United States.
1 These authors contributed equally to this work.
2 Current address: Kent State University, Department of Biological Sciences, PO Box 5190, Kent, OH 44242, United States.
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