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Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Published ahead of print November 5, 2018 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1813608115
Bronze Age population dynamics and the rise of dairy pastoralism on the eastern Eurasian steppe
Choongwon Jeonga,b,1,2, Shevan Wilkinc,1, Tsend Amgalantugsd, Abigail S. Bouwmane, William Timothy Treal Taylorc, Richard W. Hagana, Sabri Bromagef, Soninkhishig Tsolmong, Christian Trachselh, Jonas Grossmannh, Judith Littletoni, Cheryl A. Makarewiczj, John Krigbaumk, Marta Burria, Ashley Scotta, Ganmaa Davaasambuuf, Joshua Wrightl,Franziska Irmerc, Erdene Myagmarm, Nicole Boivinc, Martine Robbeetsb, Frank J. Ruhlie, Johannes Krausea, Bruno Frohlichn,o, Jessica Hendyc, and Christina Warinnera,e,p,2
aDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany; bThe Eurasia3angle Project, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany; cDepartment of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany; dInstitute of Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, 14200 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; eInstitute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; fDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115; gNutrition and Biotechnology Department, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, 14191 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; hFunctional Genomics Centre Zurich, University of Zurich/Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; iDepartment of Anthropology, University of Auckland, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand; jInstitute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Christian Albrechts University, 21118 Kiel, Germany; kDepartment of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; lDepartment of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3FX Aberdeen, United Kingdom; mDepartment of Anthropology and Archaeology, National University of Mongolia, 14200 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; nDepartment of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560; oDepartment of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755; and pDepartment of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019
1C.J. and S.W. contributed equally to this work.
aDepartment of Archaeogenetics, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany; bThe Eurasia3angle Project, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany; cDepartment of Archaeology, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, 07745 Jena, Germany; dInstitute of Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences, 14200 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; eInstitute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; fDepartment of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115; gNutrition and Biotechnology Department, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, 14191 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; hFunctional Genomics Centre Zurich, University of Zurich/Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland; iDepartment of Anthropology, University of Auckland, 1010 Auckland, New Zealand; jInstitute of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Archaeology, Christian Albrechts University, 21118 Kiel, Germany; kDepartment of Anthropology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611; lDepartment of Archaeology, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3FX Aberdeen, United Kingdom; mDepartment of Anthropology and Archaeology, National University of Mongolia, 14200 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia; nDepartment of Anthropology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560; oDepartment of Anthropology, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755; and pDepartment of Anthropology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019
1C.J. and S.W. contributed equally to this work.
2To whom correspondence may be addressed.
Abstract
Recent paleogenomic studies have shown that migrations of Western steppe herders (WSH) beginning in the Eneolithic (ca. 3300-2700 BCE) profoundly transformed the genes and cultures of Europe and central Asia. Compared with Europe, however, the eastern extent of this WSH expansion is not well defined. Here we present genomic and proteomic data from 22 directly dated Late Bronze Age burials putatively associated with early pastoralism in northern Mongolia (ca. 1380?975 BCE). Genome-wide analysis reveals that they are largely descended from a population represented by Early Bronze Age hunter-gatherers in the Baikal region, with only a limited contribution (∼7%) of WSH ancestry. At the same time, however, mass spectrometry analysis of dental calculus provides direct protein evidence of bovine, sheep, and goat milk consumption in seven of nine individuals. No individuals showed molecular evidence of lactase persistence, and only one individual exhibited evidence of >10% WSH ancestry, despite the presence of WSH populations in the nearby Altai-Sayan region for more than a millennium. Unlike the spread of Neolithic farming in Europe and the expansion of Bronze Age pastoralism on the Western steppe, our results indicate that ruminant dairy pastoralism was adopted on the Eastern steppe by local hunter-gatherers through a process of cultural transmission and minimal genetic exchange with outside groups.
paleogenomics | LC-MS/MS | dental calculus | β-lactoglobulin | α-S1-casein
paleogenomics | LC-MS/MS | dental calculus | β-lactoglobulin | α-S1-casein
논문정보
- Research article
- 2018년 11월 (BRIC 등록일 2018-11-14)
- 국외 연구진
- 생명과학 > 분류/생태/환경생물학
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