Hye Yun Kim1,2,3, Hyunjin Vincent Kim1,2, Seonmi Jo4, C. Justin Lee4, Seon Young Choi1, Dong Jin Kim1 & YoungSoo Kim1,2
1 Center for Neuro-Medicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea. 2 Biological Chemistry Program, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajungro Yuseong-gu, Daegeon 305-806, Republic of Korea. 3 Research Institute, GoshenBiotech Inc., 78, Sure-ro 640beon-gil,Wabu-eup, Namyangju-si, Gyeonggi-do 472-905, Republic of Korea. 4 Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangno 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-791, Republic of Korea.
Correspondence to : Dong Jin Kim or YoungSoo Kim
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the transition of amyloid-β (Aβ) monomers into toxic oligomers and plaques. Given that Aβ abnormality typically precedes the development of clinical symptoms, an agent capable of disaggregating existing Aβ aggregates may be advantageous. Here we report that a small molecule, 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinepropanesulphonic acid (EPPS), binds to Aβ aggregates and converts them into monomers. The oral administration of EPPS substantially reduces hippocampus-dependent behavioural deficits, brain Aβ oligomer and plaque deposits, glial γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) release and brain inflammation in an Aβ-overexpressing, APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model when initiated after the development of severe AD-like phenotypes. The ability of EPPS to rescue Aβ aggregation and behavioural deficits provides strong support for the view that the accumulation of Aβ is an important mechanism underlying AD.