Eok-Cheon Kima, b, Jeong-Ki Mina, Tae-Yoon Kimc, Shin-Jeong Leea, b, Hyun-Ok Yangd, Sanghwa Hanb, Young-Myeong Kime, Young-Guen Kwona
a Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
b Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Kangwon-Do, Republic of Korea
c Laboratory of Dermatology-Immunology, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
d Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1 Hawolgok-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
e Vascular System Research Center, Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Kangwon-do, Republic of Korea
Corresponding author : Young-Guen Kwon
Abstract
[6]-Gingerol, a pungent ingredient of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiberaceae), has anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor-promoting activities. Here, we describe its novel anti-angiogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, [6]-gingerol inhibited both the VEGF- and bFGF-induced proliferation of human endothelial cells and caused cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. It also blocked capillary-like tube formation by endothelial cells in response to VEGF, and strongly inhibited sprouting of endothelial cells in the rat aorta and formation of new blood vessel in the mouse cornea in response to VEGF. Moreover, i.p. administration, without reaching tumor cytotoxic blood levels, to mice receiving i.v. injection of B16F10 melanoma cells, reduced the number of lung metastasis, with preservation of apparently healthy behavior. Taken together, these results demonstrate that [6]-gingerol inhibits angiogenesis and may be useful in the treatment of tumors and other angiogenesis-dependent diseases.
Keyword : [6]-Gingerol; VEGF; Angiogenesis; Metastasis; Phenolic substance; Cell cycle