한빛사논문
- 조회1,509
Abstract
Eun Joo Kima,1, Omer Horovitzb,c,1, Blake A. Pellmana, Lancy Mimi Tana, Qiuling Lia, Gal Richter-Levinb,c,d, and Jeansok J. Kima,e,2
aDepartment of Psychology and
eProgram in Neurobiology and Behavior, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-1525;
bPsychology Department and
dNeurobiology and Etiology Department, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa 3190501, Israel; and
cInstitute for the Study of Affective Neuroscience, Mount Carmel, Haifa 3190501, Israel
Edited by James L. McGaugh, University of California, Irvine, CA, and approved July 29, 2013 (received for review June 7, 2013)
Abstract
The periaqueductal gray (PAG) and amygdala are known to be important for defensive responses, and many contemporary fear-conditioning models present the PAG as downstream of the amygdala, directing the appropriate behavior (i.e., freezing or fleeing). However, empirical studies of this circuitry are inconsistent and warrant further examination. Hence, the present study investigated the functional relationship between the PAG and amygdala in two different settings, fear conditioning and naturalistic foraging, in rats. In fear conditioning, electrical stimulation of the dorsal PAG (dPAG) produced unconditional responses (URs) composed of brief activity bursts followed by freezing and 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalization. In contrast, stimulation of ventral PAG and the basolateral amygdalar complex (BLA) evoked freezing and/or ultrasonic vocalization. Whereas dPAG stimulation served as an effective unconditional stimulus for fear conditioning to tone and context conditional stimuli, neither ventral PAG nor BLA stimulation supported fear conditioning. The conditioning effect of dPAG, however, was abolished by inactivation of the BLA. In a foraging task, dPAG and BLA stimulation evoked only fleeing toward the nest. Amygdalar lesion/inactivation blocked the UR of dPAG stimulation, but dPAG lesions did not block the UR of BLA stimulation. Furthermore, in vivo recordings demonstrated that electrical priming of the dPAG can modulate plasticity of subiculum?BLA synapses, providing additional evidence that the amygdala is downstream of the dPAG. These results suggest that the dPAG conveys unconditional stimulus information to the BLA, which directs both innate and learned fear responses, and that brain stimulation-evoked behaviors are modulated by context.
fear circuitry, learning and memory, long-term depression, long-term potentiation, synaptic plasticity
1E.J.K. and O.H. contributed equally to this work.
2To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Author contributions: E.J.K., O.H., G.R.-L., and J.J.K. designed research; E.J.K., O.H., B.A.P., L.M.T., and Q.L. performed research; E.J.K., O.H., B.A.P., L.M.T., Q.L., G.R.-L., and J.J.K. analyzed data; and E.J.K., O.H., B.A.P., L.M.T., Q.L., G.R.-L., and J.J.K. wrote the paper.
논문정보
- Research article
- 2013년 08월 (BRIC 등록일 2013-08-22)
- 국외 연구진
- 생명과학 > 생리학
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