Stem cell-based wound healing is often limited by insufficient recruitment and retention of both exogenously delivered and endogenous stem cells at injury sites. Here, we report a click-crosslinked hyaluronic acid (Cx-HA) dressing incorporating a stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF1)-mimetic peptide (SMP) to enhance in situ tissue regeneration. The Cx-HA dressing, formed via catalyst-free click crosslinking, exhibited high structural stability under aqueous conditions and enabled controlled, sustained release of SMP, thereby establishing a stable chemotactic gradient within the wound microenvironment. Quantitative release analysis showed that the apparent release rate constant (k_app) of SMP from the Cx-HA dressing (0.04 h⁻¹) was markedly lower than that from native HA (0.58 h⁻¹), confirming the improved release control provided by the click-crosslinked network. In vivo studies demonstrated that SMP + Cx-HA significantly accelerated wound closure, enhanced homing and early retention of exogenously administered human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), and promoted progressive recruitment of endogenous host-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs). Molecular analyses revealed a shared sequential activation of CXCR4, CD29, and CD31, corresponding to chemotaxis, cell adhesion, and angiogenesis, respectively. Histological evaluation confirmed reduced scar formation and restoration of skin architecture closely resembling native tissue in SMP + Cx-HA–treated wounds. Compared with recombinant SDF1, SMP showed superior stability and more than a hundred-fold reduction in production cost, highlighting its translational potential. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that SMP + Cx-HA dressings synergistically coordinate exogenous and endogenous stem cell responses, providing a cost-effective and scalable platform for advanced stem cell–based wound healing therapies.