상위피인용논문
국립암센터
Kim, H.J.a,*, Paul, F.b, Lana-Peixoto, M.A.c, Tenembaum, S.d, Asgari, N.e,f, Palace, J.g, Klawiter, E.C.h, Sato, D.K.i, De Seze, J.j, Wuerfel, J.b,k, Banwell, B.L.l,m, Villoslada, P.n, Saiz, A.n, Fujihara, K.o, Kim, S.-H.a, The Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation NMO International Clinical Consortium & Biorepository, Guthy-Jackson Charitable Foundation NMO International Clinical Consortium & Biorepository
aDepartment of Neurology, Research Institute and Hospital of National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
bNeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Clinical and Experimental Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Department of Neurology, Charité University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
cCIEM MS Research Center, Federal University of Minas Gerais Medical School, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
dDepartment of Neurology, National Paediatric Hospital Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
eNeurobiology, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
fDepartment of Neurology, Vejle Hospital, Denmark
gDepartment of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
hDepartment of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
iDepartment of Neurology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
jNeurology Department, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
kInstitute of Neuroradiology, University Medicine Goettingen, Germany
lDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, United States
mDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, United States
nCenter of Neuroimmunology, Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic and Institute of Biomedical Research August Pi Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
oDepartment of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
*Corresponding author
Abstract
Since its initial reports in the 19th century, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) had been thought to involve only the optic nerves and spinal cord. However, the discovery of highly specific anti–aquaporin-4 antibody diagnostic biomarker for NMO enabled recognition of more diverse clinical spectrum of manifestations. Brain MRI abnormalities in patients seropositive for anti–aquaporin-4 antibody are common and some may be relatively unique by virtue of localization and configuration. Some seropositive patients present with brain involvement during their first attack and/or continue to relapse in the same location without optic nerve and spinal cord involvement. Thus, characteristics of brain abnormalities in such patients have become of increased interest. In this regard, MRI has an increasingly important role in the differential diagnosis of NMO and its spectrum disorder (NMOSD), particularly from multiple sclerosis. Differentiating these conditions is of prime importance because early initiation of effective immunosuppressive therapy is the key to preventing attack-related disability in NMOSD, whereas some disease-modifying drugs for multiple sclerosis may exacerbate the disease. Therefore, identifying the MRI features suggestive of NMOSD has diagnostic and prognostic implications. We herein review the brain, optic nerve, and spinal cord MRI findings of NMOSD.
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