Sang-Kyu Lee,^*,1 Min-Young Song,^*,1 Young-Su Seo,^†,1 Hye-Kyung Kim,^* Seho Ko,^* Pei-Jian Cao,^† Jung-Pil Suh,^‡ Gihwan Yi,^§ Jae-Hwan Roh,^** Sichul Lee,^†† Gynheung An,^†† Tae-Ryong Hahn,^* Guo-Liang Wang,^‡‡ Pamela Ronald^† and Jong-Seong Jeon^*,2 

^*Plant Metabolism Research Center and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea, 

^†Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, 

^‡IRRI-Korea Office (IKO), National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 

^§Rice Division, Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Milyang 627-803, Korea, 

^**Crop Environment and Biotechnology Division, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-857, Korea, 

^††Department of Life Science and National Research Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 790-784, Korea and 

^‡‡Department of Plant Pathology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 

¹These authors equally contributed to this work.

²Corresponding author: Plant Metabolism Research Center and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea.

ABSTRACT

Rice blast, caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, is one of the most devastating diseases of rice. To understand the molecular basis of Pi5-mediated resistance to M. oryzae, we cloned the resistance (R) gene at this locus using a map-based cloning strategy. Genetic and phenotypic analyses of 2014 F2 progeny from a mapping population derived from a cross between IR50, a susceptible rice cultivar, and the RIL260 line carrying Pi5 enabled us to narrow down the Pi5 locus to a 130-kb interval. Sequence analysis of this genomic region identified two candidate genes, Pi5-1 and Pi5-2, which encode proteins carrying three motifs characteristic of R genes: an N-terminal coiled-coil (CC) motif, a nucleotide-binding (NB) domain, and a leucine-rich repeat (LRR) motif. In genetic transformation experiments of a susceptible rice cultivar, neither the Pi5-1 nor the Pi5-2 gene was found to confer resistance to M. oryzae. In contrast, transgenic rice plants expressing both of these genes, generated by crossing transgenic lines carrying each gene individually, conferred Pi5-mediated resistance to M. oryzae. Gene expression analysis revealed that Pi5-1 transcripts accumulate after pathogen challenge, whereas the Pi5-2 gene is constitutively expressed. These results indicate that the presence of these two genes is required for rice Pi5-mediated resistance to M. oryzae.