1. Could you please summarize the core objectives and outcomes of your recently published papers? 

My research primarily focuses on developing biodegradable devices for distinct clinical applications.
     In our recent Science Advances paper: "Wireless knee joint monitoring using biodegradable single-ended pressure sensor in osteoarthritis management" (10.1126/sciadv.aec8210), we addressed the challenge of monitoring knee joint loading, which is a critical factor in osteoarthritis progression and cartilage healing. The issue in the field is that standard sensors require secondary surgeries for removal, and computational models only provide indirect estimates. To solve this, we developed a fully biodegradable, implantable piezoelectric pressure sensor. By designing it with a single-ended configuration using just one electrode, we achieved stable performance for over two months. This represents one of the longest functional lifetimes for devices of this class. We validated the sensor ex vivo and then in a rabbit model, where it successfully tracked joint loading during natural movements without any biocompatibility issues. The ultimate vision here is to use this platform to guide personalized rehabilitation for osteoarthritis patients.

2. What were the primary technical or logistical difficulties you faced during this project, and what strategies did you employ to overcome them?

     Because our studies relied on complex animal models including rodents, rabbits, and porcine subjects, we encountered far more unpredictable variables than we typically see in standard in vitro benchwork. Biological systems inherently introduce uncontrollable situations. As the project leader performing the rabbit surgeries, I had to ensure that every procedure was exhaustively prepared for in advance, while also remaining adaptable enough to troubleshoot unexpected physiological responses in real-time. The operational timelines were also incredibly demanding. For instance, during the in vivo ultrasound transducer study, my team and I spent nearly two months operating almost entirely within the animal facility during the day, followed immediately by rigorous data analysis well into the evening.

     Overcoming these hurdles really came down to team dynamics and operational discipline. Every team member brought strong, distinct technical expertise to the project, so the fundamental skills were always there. What allowed us to succeed under pressure was our emphasis on effective time management, open communication, and maintaining a culture of objective, critical discussion to resolve issues efficiently.

3. Please introduce your laboratory, university or organization to bio-researchers in Korea.

     I am currently a researcher in Dr. Thanh Nguyen's laboratory at the University of Connecticut. Our research is driven by the development of biodegradable biomaterials. We operate in a highly interdisciplinary space that merges materials science, nanotechnology, and medicine. Our approach is to engineer these foundational materials into smart micro- and nanostructures to address a variety of clinical challenges. By building in various functional elements, such as piezoelectricity, we can create a range of devices, from transient bioelectronics and regenerative tissue scaffolds to targeted drug-delivery microneedles. The ultimate vision for our group is to successfully translate these platforms into next-generation temporary implants and regenerative medical treatments.

4. Please tell us about your experience with international research activities.

     Working in a large, diverse group with more than 30 researchers has been an incredibly valuable experience. Immersing myself in this kind of environment goes far beyond just acquiring new technical skills or scientific knowledge from my colleagues. It has deeply exposed me to the operational side of science; specifically, how to effectively communicate, collaborate, and manage team dynamics across different cultural and academic backgrounds. In complex, interdisciplinary projects, I have found that these collaborative and interpersonal skills are just as critical to driving a project forward as sheer technical expertise.

5. What practical advice can you provide for younger researchers who are considering studying or working internationally?

     My primary piece of advice is to be highly proactive and take initiative from day one. During my own first year, I tended to be a bit more reserved and hesitant to take the lead. Looking back, I realize that navigating a new academic and cultural environment would have been much smoother if I had stepped up earlier. When you work internationally, you are often surrounded by incredible resources and diverse experts. Do not wait for direction. Ask questions, propose ideas, and actively seek out collaborations. Taking full ownership of your project and not being afraid to ask for help when you hit a roadblock will accelerate your growth far more than trying to figure everything out in isolation.

6. Could you share your future research directions or upcoming career plans?

     Regarding the research, now that we have established strong proof-of-concept results for our biodegradable devices, the immediate next step involves rigorous, long-term studies. While our initial data successfully validated the safety and efficacy of these platforms, translating them into actual clinical use requires extended in vivo monitoring. We need to conclusively demonstrate both long-term biocompatibility and functional stability over time.

7. Is there any additional message or insight you would like to pass along to the Korean scientific community?

     I believe the biggest advances in medicine happen when different fields come together. Whether it is combining materials science with cancer research, or mixing electronics with physical rehab, working across disciplines is essential. My message to the community is to actively look for collaborations outside your specific background. When we connect engineering, biology, and medicine, it becomes much easier to turn our lab research into real treatments for patients.